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Introduction

This is an experiment.  I hope more people who worked in radio will take the time to educate the rest of us on how it all worked.  This article is going to be similar to a Blog.  It will be in parts and is Allan's reminiscences of his working life which started in radio.  You will see how his radio experience then led to other related work.   You have the opportunity to send in questions to Allan via the contact page, about the people he worked with, the shows he worked on or the equipment he used.  I will then post the questions and the replies.  Occasionally, Allan will consult with colleagues or other experts, so please do not expect instant replies.

I have also added a Contact Form after the latest Chapter in Allan's Reminiscences.

ALLAN BLACK

Sydney producer engineer author Allan Black, started recording radio programs as a trainee in 1956 and sold his company and semi-retired in 2001. Here's his fascinating story.

All or part of any written material, including graphics and photographs, submitted by Allan Black and contained in any of these ‘Parts’ is strictly copyright. © Allan Black 2016 - 2026.

All other material appearing in these 'Parts' (such as externally sourced photographs, artwork, advertisements, reprints etc.) are copyright their respective copyright owners, and are reproduced here on this website, under the "Fair dealing for purposes of criticism or review" provisions of the Copyright Act, 1968. (Australia)                    

All rights reserved. Nothing may be stored in a retrieval device for later use. Sight impaired visitors, please visit the home page first. 

Allan Black Part 80 - Pt 01 (starts the story of The ATA Studio Years)

So in April 1973 I set up Natec Sound Studios in the rear studio at ATA, each weekday morning driving from the northern suburb of Killara over the harbour bridge to Glebe, timing my run to avoid the peak hour traffic. And thankfully, true to their word most of our major clients come with me. One of the most important is K-TEL, their commercial work keeps steadily growing, and when I’m busy with other clients, I stay late to finish their latest commercial.

Not long after I start here, one morning ATA engineer/producer Bruce Brown, says to me, “Al, if you’re available, I have an interesting job you could help me with.” Bruce’s job is this. Ron Wills, the RCA record producer who I also know from the records that I’ve recorded at Bligh St. has conferred with Col Joye to ask Bruce can he record a vocal session at The NSW Prisons Correctional Facility at Bathurst west of Sydney.

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Bruce explains “I plan to take the Philips 2 track master recorder, Nakamichi cassette deck, the small mixer, a couple of mics, stands, amp. and speakers and drive up to the Bathurst jail early one morning, set up and have lunch. In the afternoon with an audience we’ll record the RCA artist, prisoner Vic. Simms, pack up, stay overnight in Bathurst and drive back next morning. Can you come along as assistant engineer?” Interesting to say the least. Bruce explains Vic. Simms ran into serious trouble with alcohol and the law. He was halfway through a 7 year prison sentence in Bathurst for robbery when he traded cigarettes for a guitar, learned to play and started writing his songs.

Now I recall reading about ongoing prisoner unrest at the Bathurst jail but this sounds like a once in a lifetime experience. So planning to move a recording session and booking myself out I agree, adding I’ll take my Nikon camera along.

Bruce confirms details of our personal safety and the date with Ron Wills and early one Tuesday morning with all the recording gear, in Bruce’s Volkswagen Kombi we head west for the 3 1/2hr drive, arriving at the Bathurst facility to set up in the Dining hall. We park the Kombi as close as we can to the main entrance.

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Even though we’re working, it’s still an uneasy feeling going into a high security prison, there’s high walls, steel gates, barbed razor wire, steel bars and watching cameras everywhere. Bruce and I are carrying 1/2 our gear as we walk to the main gates, identify ourselves on a security camera and are let through one steel gate which clangs shut behind us. Another high steel gate opens and we go through into the guard room. There we each show identification, go through a metal detector and open our gear cases for inspection. This takes about 15 minutes then we’re directed across to the Dining hall by 2 uniformed officers with batons, who help carrying the gear.
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In the large empty Dining hall they’ve removed all the tables and arranged about 50 chairs in a semi circle around what they’ve imagined we would like as a recording stage. Here we meet John S. the prison co-ordinator for the session, and he confirms the audience for the recording will be trusted prisoners who’ve all completed a good behaviour period, separate from any prison disturbances. At this point I agree with Bruce that while he starts setting up, I’ll go back out and bring in the rest of our gear. So accompanied by surly officer Frank swinging his baton, we retrace our path back to the entrance. 

All’s well, the gear is unloaded I lock the Kombi and with Frank helping to carry gear, we approach the first gate again. But here I run into trouble. 





Allan Black Part 81 - Pt 02

From the parking area, Bathurst jail officer Frank and I go back through the steel gates to find in the guards room the shift has changed, and while it’s only been a short time since we passed out, despite my protests and Frank confirming, now I have to go through the whole entry process again. Phew! they take this seriously. In the Dining hall Bruce has set up and is testing the recording gear all the while talking with talent Vic. Simms, getting sound levels with his guitar and making sure his timed list of songs hasn’t changed. I meet Vic. and before the audience is let in, I take a series of shots of him knowing I’m barred from photographing any of the other detainees.
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The enthusiastic audience files in, gets seated, Vic. introduces the proceedings and gets ready to record his first song. Bruce starts the Philips recorder and the first 5 songs are completed each followed by loud applause from the audience, who it seems, appreciate the free concert. We now have a break to change master tapes and give Vic. a break to retune his guitar. Then we record his next 5 songs, then a longer break this time to let the prisoners stretch their legs. Most stand and a few come over to look at our gear and ask questions while Bruce changes tapes again. I stand up to realise I’m surrounded by stoney-faced  probably very dangerous people who all seem friendly enough, but when one big guy notices my flared trousers the current fad, he gruffly says to me, “So that’s what they’re wearing out there now.” Gulp!
Another half hour and we’ve recorded another 2 of Vic’s songs as backup, in case any of the previous 10 don’t make the cut. And the RCA Vic. Simms recording session is successfully completed. The prisoners thank Vic. with loud applause, and some look over to wave goodbye to Bruce and I, then they’re all shepherded out back to their cells. Bruce and I thank officer John for his support, pack up the gear and carry it back out to the guard house, check out then out through the steel gates to the Kombi in the parking area. We take one last look at the main entrance, then without saying a word we drive to the nearest hotel and order a double Scotch each. We enjoy dinner, drive to the Bathurst motel and the next morning drive back to Sydney. 

In the following days in the ATA Glebe studio, with Rocky Thomas producing, Bruce overdubs guitar, bass and drums on 10 of Vics songs and the RCA LP is released for sale to the public. 

But for a couple of years all has not been well at the NSW Bathurst Correctional Facility. In 1974 the situation deteriorates rapidly, the prisoners riot uncontrolled for a week and burn most of the place to the ground. 

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The Loner looked set to be regulated to dusty history books, until 2013 - 40 years after our original recording. This was when some of Australia’s leading musicians lined up to record a cover version of Vic’s songs, called The Painted Ladies. 

The Loner being named one of The 110 Best Australian Albums was the latest honour for Vic. Simms, whose long lists of firsts include being the first indigenous artist to star on the Channel 9 TV show, Bandstand. And he was the youngest recording artist at Festival Records. 

And today, I still remember the 1973 Bathurst jail recording with Bruce Brown, and the prisoner who said to me, “So that’s what they’re wearing out there now.”

Allan Black Part 82

In 1973 we had a visit from a New York recording  studio owner and his manager. They loved Sydney, “The air is so clean” And they were great to talk trade jargon with, they had some interesting opinions about the state and the direction of the art in America. One that I recall, all the NY studios produce equally great sounding recordings, the differences are the various sounding echo and reverberation programs they each offer prospective clients. They told us, at Abbey Road studios in London they have a great sounding echo chamber with 3 mics able to produce stereo echo with variations of it.
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In 1957, the German Elektromesstechnik company, designed and produced their highly successful EMT mono reverberation plate, and it soon becomes the ‘go to’ for pro studios around the world. At Natec Sound studios in Bligh St. I always looked forward to using ours. When mixing multitrack music, adding some EMT reverberation immediately made the string section come alive and I could vary the length of the delay. In London at Abbey Road studios besides their echo room, (above) today they still employ their 4 stereo EMT plates they used on the Beatles recordings.

In late 1973 at the ATA studio at Glebe, they eventually bought Natecs mono EMT reverberation plate from storage, after we moved from Bligh St. But before they got it, I’m not sure who had the idea but about mid 1973 they decided to ‘build’ an echo chamber, by digging a hole in a corner of their parking lot then putting in a speaker and mic. for ‘good echo’ for their music mixes.

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So after blocking off part of the parking lot, I think it was either Keith or Jimmy the spider who dug a nice big square hole in the ground. Here I’ve produced a diagram to give readers an idea of the work that went into their echo chamber. To have the music echo around inside their chamber, all surfaces were painted with gloss paint and a hard wood floor was put it. When finished, they covered it with a 2 inch thick solid concrete cover to keep it secure and block any noise from outside. While not as successful as an EMT plate it did ok for a few weeks. The ATA studios at No. 96 were built on land which gradually sloped downwards to No.1 Glebe Pt. Rd. When it rained there was never a problem, water ran down the street gutters and drained away. 

But after weeks with no rain, one Sunday night there’s this terrifyingly loud thunder storm with lightning and sheets of blinding heavy rain. It washes rubbish down the back lane behind the ATA studios, blocking the drains and flooding down into the parking lot. The water leaks in under the concrete cover - and slowly fills the echo chamber right to the top. 

It’s a fine day when I arrive next morning to start a session in my studio to find Keith and others studying the problem. Easy! They’ll lever the concrete cover open and use a water pump to drain the echo chamber and repair it.  But despite every effort levering it with sturdy steel poles, the heavy cover doesn’t move an inch.

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The next idea to crack the cover open, is to go across the back road behind the studio to get some dynamite from the resourceful fellow who goes illegally fishing with it. Keith comes back with 2 sticks and some caps and after warning everyone to take cover, he places it and sets it off. BANG! There’s a lot of dust and dirt but again the concrete cover doesn’t move. With more consultation the solution is to get more dynamite. 

So with 4 sticks strategically placed, blocking the rear lane and warning the front studio where Bruce had started a string overdub session, the dynamite is set off … KA-BOOOM! When the clouds of dust clear they all see the cover has slightly cracked open. But in the front studio, dust and bits of the old studio ceiling have fallen down on the ladies in the string session and they all freak out. Loudly shrieking with their expensive instruments they all come running up past me out into the back lane. After things settle down Keith goes up Glebe Pt. Rd. to the Jolly Hire company to rent a big electric water pump with hoses and drains the echo chamber dry.  In the following days, repairs are made and the chamber is used till Natec’s EMT plate arrives from storage.


Allan Black Part 83 Pt01

In 1974 at ATA one morning I receive a phone call from the N.S.W. Dept of Tourism. The lady explains that what they require is a recording of the popular operatic tenor Donald Smith, singing in the Jenolan Caves west of Sydney, and have records made for sale to the public in the gift shop there. Could I prepare a quote to record and produce the records, costings with a timeline, and importantly how would I go about doing this. “Yes I’m interested but I’ll need more information, I’ll get back to you, thank you.”
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I read up about Donald Smith. On 21 January 1973 he was the very first voice to sing in the Sydney Opera House, when he appeared in the first test concert in the Opera Theatre, with members of the ABC National Training Orchestra, conducted by Robert Miller.

There are several theories attempting to explain why opera singers are often pleasingly plump. One holds that a large amount of fatty tissue surrounding the voice box (larynx) increases its resonance capability and thus produces a more pleasing sound. The amount of this fatty tissue varies from singer to singer.

But apart from this, Donald Smth’s voice has a bright Italianate quality which can match, in size carrying power and tonal allure, the voices of most prominent sopranos and mezzos. He’s attracted a fiercely loyal public following, and many Australians who have no prior experience of opera become opera lovers through Smith's work. The role of the jilted lover Canio in Ruggero Leoncavallo's opera Pagliacci, is one which Smith would eventually ‘make his own’ and for which he would become famous. Now in 1974 his performances with the Australian Opera at the Sydney Opera House are regularly sold out.


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Next I discover there are 22 major caves in the Jenolan system. They date back some 340 million years, making them the oldest known open caves in the world, Australian geologists say. Of these there are ten - the Imperial, Chifley, Lucas, River, Orient, Temple of Baal, Diamond, Pool of Cerberus, Jubilee and Ribbon - which are 'dark caves' but opened for guided inspection. In the big Lucas cave, the Cathedral Chamber has good acoustics with performances and weddings regularly held there. To get into the Chamber, there’s a walkway that Jenolan guides take groups of tourists through twice a day, and while there’s lights, it seems there’s only a few available power points. 

So I can’t take a small orchestra in there, not even a good piano or a string quartet, but maybe a cello? The weekends are very busy but Monday the caves are closed for cleaning and maintenance, so that might be the day to record.

Next, is a phone call to Donald Smith. He seems like a nice guy, yes he’s been contracted by the Department, his fee approved and he’s expecting my call. We discuss the songs he might sing and the musical backing he would prefer. Will it be a 45rpm, 10” or 12” LP? I explain the difficulty of getting any musical instruments into the Chamber, but maybe a cello? Donald’s not sure there’s any cello music arrangements for his songs, they’d have to be arranged adding to the cost and would a cellos’s deep sound resonate to much in the Chamber? “Possibly, I couldn’t control its volume and it might, it’d be too late if it did.” 

So I suggest a pre-recorded organ backing to be recorded at ATA studios and played in the Cave. With Donald in attendance to oversee the recording, I know accomplished musician Col Nolan, with his experience he could do this. Donald explains he’s never worked like this before, but I add, “We can rehearse at ATA on that day, and I can adjust the organ playback level on the tape, in the speakers I’ll take to the Caves.” 

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For our final vocal recording, I propose we both separately drive up and meet on a Sunday afternoon at Jenolan Caves House, stay overnight there, then early Monday morning, I’ll set up the recording gear in the Cathedral Chamber and we’ll rehearse and balance the sound there. I’m aware that you sing better in the afternoon, so we’ll record your songs after lunch then if it’s not too late, we’ll both depart for home.” 

Donald agrees to all this, so I prepare my final costings and send a detailed list to the Dept. of Tourism hoping they’ll approve it all too. Surprisingly they do without question, so I call them asking for approval to record on a Monday at the Caves knowing we’ll stop any maintenance that day. They confirm this with the manager at the Caves, so I book Col Nolan to contact Donald Smith to discuss the music details and report back to me. Then I set up a timeline, an ATA recording date and book 2 rooms in 3 weeks time for Donald and I on a Sunday night, at the world famous Jenolan Caves House.


Allan Black Part 84 Pt02

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At ATA studios in Glebe Sydney, one fine Tuesday afternoon Donald Smith and Col. Nolan arrive to rehearse and record the organ backings for two songs for Side One. Side Two will be the chronicled story of the Caves read by eminent Sydney actor Peter Gwynne.

My costings for the N.S.W. Department of Tourism quote, was arrived at by totalling the fee for Peter, with the cost of the studio production for recording his narrative. Plus the location recording of 2 songs for the 7” record, its labels, four colour jacket and production of 500 discs to be delivered to the manager at the Caves shop.

For many decades to come, visitors to the Jenolan Caves will be able to enjoy a satisfying recollection of their visit, with songs presented by the famous Australian tenor in the reverberant sound of the Cathedral Chamber. 

So today in ATAs main studio, Donald and Col. Nolan start work, first to confirm the musical key of the perennial song, ‘Bless This House’ first published in 1927. 


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Photo contributed by Bruce Brown.

At the start of their rehearsal, I’m very aware we have to get the musical tempos of both songs correct, with Donald rehearsing with the same vigour and voice he’ll employ on the Monday in the Caves. We have to get this correct now, because the tempo of Col’s recorded organ tape playback will be fixed, I can’t alter it. 

So I’m concentrating as much as I hope Mr. Smith is. But it might be Don’s fame or his dominating presence, because as much as I repeat my question “Are you sure this is the right tempo for you Don?” In the end he just looks at me with a stern, “Thank you Allan. Yes!” 

So playing ATA's studio organ Col. records the backing, then we go through the same procedure with the song ‘At the End of the Day’ by English composer Maurice Elwin in the mid 1930s. When both backings are safely transferred to my Nagra 4s tape recorder, I remind Don that the temperature in the Cathedral Chamber will be about 15 degrees Celsius, so bring a warm coat. I sound authoritative when I add, the air's often cool temperature gives it a fresh feeling that many people enjoy. Doctors in several countries recommend speleotherapy for several ailments, occasionally prescribing sitting in a cool cave to breathe the fresh air. Don. and Col. just stare at me, so I smile, thank Col. and confirm the Sunday meeting time at the Jenolan Caves with Don.
 

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On the fine May Sunday morning, with my Nagra 4s, a Revox tape recorder to play the organ tapes, the mics, tapes and my suitcase, I head west for the 3hr drive towards the Blue Mountains and the Jenolan Caves. Eons ago, the area was originally inhabited by the Gundungurra Aboriginal people who are said to have called the cave complex "Genowlan" which is supposed to have meant something like "high place shaped like a foot". Genowlan became Jenolan when the caves were officially named in 1884.

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Arriving at the Jenolan Caves house I drive through the big arch, then leave all the recording gear in my car and register in at the hotel desk. It so happens the hotel manager is on duty, so I introduce myself and when we sit in the lounge for a welcome drink to go over my project, the manager tells me the hotel staff is excited to meet a world famous Operatic singer and hear his songs in their Cave. No pressure.

Donald arrives some half an hour later and I introduce him to the manager, who has an interesting proposition. As we’re recording Monday there are 2 suites available for us this Sunday night, one is very special. Without telling us what that is, the manager suggests Don and I toss a coin to decide who stays in this suite for the night. So we do, the manager spins his 20 cent piece, Don calls heads, but it comes down tails. I win! 


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So what’s so special about this suite? Now we’re told it’s where the Duke and Duchess of York, (the future King George VI) slept there for the night, when they visited the Caves way back in 1927. They toured the Left Chifley Cave. 
So how about that.

Now Donald takes his suitcase up to his room on the same floor as mine. I follow and with the key open my front door. Phew! what magnificence! the first thing I see is custom made harmonising furniture all in polished Australian Mahogany, with an 
enormous double bed with custom Australian woollen blankets embossed with cute Kangaroos. I unpack, wash and change then go downstairs for a drink and dinner with Don. Can’t wait to see his face when I tell him about my suite.

Allan Black Part 85 Pt03

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Following a restful night, Donald Smith and I meet in the hotel breakfast room to enjoy a delicious breakfast. After the front desk opens, we meet with the hotel manager again to go over our days program to make sure nothing has changed with his caves maintenance staff and their workday. I’ve been in situations like this before and last minute checks are vital. But no, even though the Cathedral Cave has never been closed on a Monday for a professional recording before, everything is going according to plan, there won’t be any disturbing noise. The name Donald Smith is known to many of the staff and the manager suggests he sign a few hotel programs and menus now, to help avoid interruptions in the hotel, so he does this. 

Because Don usually performs at night, maybe with an afternoon matinee and we’ve got all day in the Cathedral Cave, the program is I’ll set the recording gear up late morning. Then, in the hotel we’ll both have a light lunch and record in the early afternoon, hopefully leaving both of us enough time to pack and return to Sydney. 


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Then following our plan, from the boot of my car, taking 3 trips I carry the Revox tape recorder to play the organ backing music, also my stereo Nagra with the recording tapes, 2 brand new matched Neumann U87 mics and mic stands, past the ‘No Entry’ closed sign into the entrance of the caves, up the long stairs into the Cathedral Cave. Because the caves are closed for the day, there’s no concern about anything being stolen when I go back to the car for each trip. 

After the 3rd trip, I detect the power point in the cave, plug the Revox in and test it. The Nagra runs on internal batteries but I leave the 2 Neumann mics. till we come back to record. Now it’s time for the early light lunch with Don. After this we both head for the Cathedral Cave, ready to record his songs. It is cool in the caves so I make sure Don has his warm sweater with him.

As we arrive in the Cathedral Cave, I can see its famous natural reverberating echo has an immediate effect on Don, he loves it and I do too. As previously arranged while he’s warming his voice, he walks around a small area, singing his range of tones, while we both listen for the best position for him and my 2 mics. This is arrived at, so I set both mics up and we run the first song, At the End of the Day. 

Problem! I knew it! Because the Cathedral Cave’s natural sound has a great effect on Donald, he sings with full voice, in his grand operatic style but my taped organ backing is too fast for him. We look at each other with Don realising I can’t slow it down, so we agree he’ll sing more softly but with the same emotion keeping time with my tape. Also he’ll sing Bless this House, solo, no organ backing. After a couple of rehearsals this is what happens, we’re both happy so I take some photos then we pack up thank the manager and drive home. 

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Later in Sydney both songs receive good reviews, Don’s vocals suit both songs very well. The N.S.W. Dept of Tourism is happy, so in our studio I produce narrator Peter Gynne reading the ‘Story of the Jenolan Caves’ for side two. Then we produce the first order of 500 records and deliver them to the Caves shop for sale to their visitors.  
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Generally considered to be the finest operatic tenor Australia had yet produced, a judgement frequently confirmed by long standing colleagues, sadly Donald Smith passed away on the 1st of December 1998. 

However on that day in 1974, we happily agreed we’ll both keep quiet about how we recorded his performances at the Jenolan Caves. 

Question & Answer

Frank Bowden asks Allan.

Thanks for your entertaining story and photo of Donald Smith, it tells me he was a lively artist always ready to entertain and enjoy his audiences, and he left us far too early. In the final photo, it reads the package includes the 45rpm record, 6 photo slides, a coloured view folder, and a Jenolan booklet, all for $4. As well as the record, did you produce all the extras and are they still available in the Jenolan Caves gift shop?

It prompted me and my family to plan a visit to the Jenolan Caves, but are you aware currently the road is closed?

Allan answers.

Thanks for your comments, my companies contract with the NS.W. Dept of Tourism included recording both sides of their 7” 45 RPM record, the artwork for the record labels, and production of 500 copies. All other items were produced by the Dept, and in 1974 for $4, great value. 

Today 52 years later in 2026, apart from understanding the Dept. continued with their sales, now it maybe on a CD, and the price will be more than $4 each. 

Yes Frank you’re correct, because of the 2022 extensive road damage, major work is still being done to repair the road, and it’s expected to be completed by mid 2026. But if anyone’s reading this story maybe years from now and planning a visit, first please read the latest information on the road conditions and the opening times of the Jenolan Caves. 

Enjoy your visit there, especially call out to experience the reverberation in the Cathedral Cave, and remember Donald Smith enjoying singing there. 

Allan Black Part 86 - Coming Soon...........

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